a village telephone system
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a village telephone system, system of telecommunication of the village administrative area, designed for transfer on distance of the speech and documentary information which are carried out by electrical signals, propagating on wires, or radio signals. In contents S t. With. Station and linear constructions of district, cities of regional submission, settlements of city phylum and village human settlements enter. Distinguish telephone exchanges S t. With.: central, had in the regional centre which join terminal telephone exchanges of collective farms and state farms and the various enterprises and the agrarian and industrial complex organisations under the radial schema (single-stage construction), and nodal under radially nodal schema (two-stage construction). Terminal stations are positioned on the centre, economy farm, and also in other human settlements where there is a requirement for telecommunication to 20 and more subscribers, proceeding from prospect of development of a net the proximate 5 years. Junctions are positioned in a large human settlement or on the central farm of an economy to which terminal stations are connected. On S t. With. Two phylums of automatic telephone exchanges of co-ordinate system (ATSK) in small and centre economy are used: ATSK in 50/200 container of 50-200 numbers (4 blocks on 50 numbers); in large-scale enterprises - some automatic telephone exchange, one of which - nodal, for example ATSK in 100/2000 container to 2000 numbers. S t. With. Is a uniform net on which intraindustrial telecommunication (VPTS) collective farms and state farms is carried out, dispatching telecommunication (DTS) and uchrezhdenchesko industrial telecommunication (UPTS) the enterprises and the agrarian and industrial complex organisations. The net of the general using provides bond between any subscribers of this net within area and a yield of subscribers on a net zonovoj, long-distance and an international telecommunication. VPTS provides bond between subscribers of productions, objects in an economy and a yield of subscribers on a communication network of the general using. On abjointings, farms, other objects and in apartments telephone sets are positioned. User's lines VPTS can be air or cable. For a yield of subscribers VPTS on other stations S t. With. Or on a long-distance telephone exchange between this automatic telephone exchanges and the central station lay copulative lines from calculation one copulative line on 10 subscribers At distance between automatic telephone exchange and the central station over 5 km apply the instrumentation of high-frequency inspissation allowing on one pair of wires or a cable to organise of 2, 6 or 12 and more high-frequency communication channels. On S t. With. Instrumentation of inspissation 2 channel In 2 2, 6 channel KNK 6 and 12 channel KNK 12 and IKM 12 is used. Designing and building-up VPTS is carried out by the organisations of the Ministry of Communications of the USSR (in state farms - for the account of limits and means for the capital construction, secreted on branch "agriculture", in collective farms - at the expense of their own means). DTS collective farms and state farms supplements automatic telecommunication and designs for immediate direct and group communication of the dispatcher with the basic industrial objects of an economy. DTS it is effective in large integrated economies, especially at utilisation of loud-speaking installations. It will be organised by means of dispatching switches of phylum PDS 10/10 and PDS 20/20 which provide incorporation of 10 or 20 user's lines of automatic telephone exchange for sharing and 10 or 20 direct subscribers. 2 or 4 lines of automatic telephone exchange can be included in the switch, on one will bridge, lines to radio station and to the tape recorder. In switches PDS the dispatcher can simultaneously organise conversation of two bunches of subscribers, for example, carrying out of meeting concerning technique utilisation in which the chief engineer participates, the manager. A workshop, the mechanic of abjointing. Application of dispatching switches dilates possibilities VPTS which lines are simultaneously used and for DTS. Therefore remote industrial objects are equipped with the telephone sets of automatic telephone exchange included also in the dispatching switch. For dilating of possibilities DTS often collaterally to telephone sets additional devices GGS - the device of loud-speaking communication which is used for carrying out of dispatching meetings on wires are connected; UPV - the device of a compulsory call allowing by means of the intensifier and dynamics to invite to phone of the worker, being on certain removal from a telephone set (in a workshop, on a farm etc.) ; USV - the device of an alarm call used for connection of a siren or a bell on objects where the telephone set does not have constantly present people. UPTS design for maintenance of industrial, building, procuring and other organisations with industrial communication and a yield of subscribers on a communication network of the general using.
Lighted.:
Smiths And. M, Kadushkin E. V, Communication in agriculture, M, 1981.
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